Evolution of Management Thought
Art of management is as old as human civilisation.
Before the twentieth century there was no systematic study of the subject.
Management was a kind of 'trick' of businessmen which could not be studied or taught.
From the beginning of the twentieth century serious study of management started.
There are thirteen pioneers in this field and out of them Fayol of France and Taylor of USA are the main persons.
The Great Depression of 1932 and the Second World War encouraged the study of management much.
Fayol studied management as a philosophy applicable to all kinds of organization while Taylor wanted to have a scientific approach.
The evaluation of management can be categorized in to different parts:
Pre-Scientific Management Era (before 1880),
Classical management Era (1880-1930),
Neo-classical Management Era (1930-1950),
Modern Management era (1950-on word).
Taylor’s Scientific Management
Academic records indicated that F.W. Taylor and his colleagues developed the first systematic study in management.
Frederick Taylor is known as the father of Scientific Management and he published Principals of Scientific Management in which he proposed work methods designed to boost worker productivity.
Second principle of Taylor's management approach is functional foremanship.
Taylor launched functional foremanship for administration and direction.
Third principle is elements of scientific management.
The main constituents of scientific management are work study involving work important and work measurement using method and time study, standardization of tools and equipment for workmen and improving working conditions, scientific Selection, placement and training of workers by a centralized personal department.
Mental revolution is also necessary on the part of management's side, the foreman, the superintendent, the owners and board of directions.
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